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A brief research report published on ScienceDaily website states the following:

The narwhal (Monodon monoceros), an iconic whale of remote Arctic waters, is widely known for its long, spiral tusk, which is really an elongated tooth. The tusk, which is predominantly found in males and can grow up to 10 feet long, is one of the most fascinating traits in nature and the inspiration for myths such as the unicorn. It is believed to play a role in competition for mates, including mating displays. The tusk may have others uses and its function is still debated, primarily because few people have observed how these elusive animals use their tusks in the wild. Limited field observations also means that little is known about many other aspects of the behavior of this highly gregarious Arctic whale, including social and reproductive behaviors, how they adapt to changing environmental conditions, or whether narwhals engage in behaviors that are not linked directly to fitness, like play.

Using drones, researchers from Florida Atlantic University's Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, and Canada's Department of Fisheries and Oceans, in partnership with Inuit communities in Nunavut, provide the first evidence of narwhals using their tusks in the wild to investigate, manipulate and influence the behavior of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), including delivering sufficient force with their tusks to stun and possibly kill the fish. Researchers captured 17 distinct behaviors, which shed light on the dynamics between the narwhal, its prey and avian competitors. Results of the study, published in the journal Frontiers in Marine Science, also reveal the first evidence of likely play, specifically exploratory-object play, in narwhals as well as other fascinating insights into narwhal behavior in a changing Arctic. Aspects of the narwhals' actions for example, may also have included social learning, and possibly social instruction and personality differences among individual narwhal. These novel findings further enrich our understanding of narwhals' complex behavior.

Findings also provide the first reports of interactions between narwhal, fish and birds, including attempted kleptoparasitism, a "food thief" situation, among narwhals and glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus). The narwhals exhibited remarkable dexterity, precision and speed of movement of the tusk, and regularly made adjustments to track the moving target. The tusk, especially the tip of the tusk, was used to interrogate and manipulate the target by brief contacts, which typically elicited a response from the fish. This research highlights how environmental changes might introduce new interspecies encounters, challenging Arctic species to adapt.

Based on the information in the text, decide which of the following statements is true:

Why ‘Hundred-Year’ Weather Events Are Happening More Than Once Every 100 Years

Climate change is leading not only to droughts, wildfires, and extreme weather. It’s also leading to oxymorons—at least when it comes to what are known as hundred-year storms, floods, and other events.

Environmental scientists have gotten so good at reading weather history that they can characterize some severe storms or floods as likely to occur in a given area only once in 100 years—or even 500 years or a thousand years. That’s where the oxymoron comes in. As climate change leads to greater meteorological volatility, the one in 100—or 500 or 1,000—year events are occurring twice or three times or more in those windows. Since 1999, there have been nine storms along the North Carolina coast that qualify as hundred or thousand year events. From 2015 to 2019, one suburb of St. Louis experienced three major floods, two of which met the criteria for hundred-year events. One study by the Montreal-based carbon removal project Deep Sky calculates that the frequency of deadly hurricanes has jumped 300%, with 100-year storms now forecast to occur once every 25 years.

Climate change is also redefining what qualifies as one of these rare and intense events. “In April, an extreme rainfall event hit the Mississippi Valley, including Arkansas, Mississippi, Kentucky, and Tennessee,” says climate scientist Andrew Pershing, chief program officer at Climate Central, an advocacy and communications group. “Some of our colleagues at the World Weather Attribution group did a study and calculated that it was a 100-year event based on today’s climate, but without climate change it would have been more like a 500-year event.”

Driving the more frequent events is what Pershing describes as a “thirstier” atmosphere, one that is hotter and thus capable of holding more moisture. “We have a supercharged water cycle and that means that when you get a rain event it has a better chance of being a bigger event than it used to be,” says Pershing.

In addition to hurricanes, floods, and storms, heat waves, droughts, and wildfires can be projected out over centuries. “A hotter atmosphere can hold more water, but if you squeeze that moisture out over a mountain range like what happens in the west, then you end up with a much drier air mass,” says Pershing. “The atmosphere then wants to suck the moisture out of the ground and so droughts get more severe.” (https://time.com/7289719/hundred-year-weather-events-happen-more-often/)

Based on the information in the text, decide which of the following statements is true.